SharePoint Large list issue, View does not work even after do data archival to meet the threshold limit for query criteria

SharePoint has resource throttles and limits that govern the amount of data and throughput that can be managed. The List View Threshold is by default, approximately 5000 items, and is set to allow users to work with large lists, but keep good performance.

Index and Filter views , Using folders to organize using document center site are the some of the workaround you can do to keep your queries within the limit.

As a last choice, with Server versions of SharePoint, is to change the limit. But this is not recommended , since a larger limit increases the possibility of affecting the performance for some or all users. 

Archiving the list is the widely using mechanism to over come this issue. However it is noticed that once the issue occur, even after you archive the list and make count of document less than the threshold limit for the query items, it does not work. This is because the old count is still using by the SharePoint process and it does not refresh. As a workaround on this issue, create a new list and move entire data to the list. You can find in the new list, views are started working.